*Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Political Science, 1998.
Areas of concentration: Comparative politics, International Relations, Public Administration.
Northern Illinois University DeKalb, IL.
*Master of Public Administration, May 1993.
Emphasis: Personnel Management, Policy Analysis.
University of IL at Springfield (formerly Sangamon State University).
*Bachelor of Arts, May 1991.
Major: Labor Relations, Minor: Economics.
University of Illinois at Springfield (formerly Sangamon State University).
*Ecole Nationale d'Administration (National School of Administration), Mauritania.
Labor Inspector Degree, July 1979.