The stellate holes in this Ordovician bryozoan are not borings. They are embedment structures (referred to as "bioclaustration", a type of bioimmuration) which formed when a soft-bodied organism (possibly a tunicate) landed on the living bryozoan's outer surface. The bryozoan grew up and around the infesting animal, which at the same time developed stolons and spread its modules laterally like strawberries. The resulting trace fossil is called Catellocaula vallata The scale bar is in millimeters; the specimen is from the Kope Formation, Upper Ordovician, near Cincinnati, Ohio.

 

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