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PREPARING FOR A CAREER IN PHARMACY

 

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

 

Pharmacists interpret and review prescription orders, screen and review medication records, dispense medications, educate patients on proper use of drugs, and refer patients to other sources of help and care.  Pharmacists must know the physical and chemical properties of drugs, the way they behave in the body, and how they might interact with other drugs.  Josephine Sasu-Tenkoramaa is a 2006 aluma and is a pharmacy student at Rutgers University. She offers the following descriptions of pharmacy career opportunities:

1. Community Pharmacist: The most common and what people think of when they imagine the profession of pharmacy. Your main responsibilities are to dispense medication, provide counseling sessions and known the nature of how the pharmacy acquires its inventories.

2. Consultant Pharmacist: These pharmacists work in assisted living homes and they look at patients' medication. These patients often take multiple medications, so pharmacists must ensure that there are not any drug-to-drug interactions.

3. Managed Care Pharmacist: These pharmacists work for Pharmacy Benefit Management (PBM) companies or Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) such as insurance companies to determine the most effective way to administer drug therapies at a lower cost to help both the patients and the third party payers. If you're interested in business, this is a good place to be.

4. Hospital Pharmacist: These pharmacists work in hospitals and sometimes serve as clinicians.

5. Industrial Pharmacist: These pharmacists work in clinical trials, regulatory affairs, or post-market surveillance when the drugs are on the market. They monitor the development and safety of drugs for the mass population.

Practically any pharmacist position will require the Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) degree. This training typically takes four years to complete.

   

ACADEMIC PREPARATION

 

PREREQUISITE COURSES

There is no universal set of requirements, but most programs require a core of prerequisite undergraduate courses that includes:

  • two semesters of biology with lab
  • two semesters of general chemistry with lab
  • two semesters of organic chemistry with lab
  • two semesters of general physics with lab
  • two semesters of biochemistry
  • one semester of calculus
  • one semester of statistics
  • one semester of economics
  • one or two semesters of literature or composition*
  • one semester of speech or communication
  • one semester of psychology

* (FYS and other writing-intensive courses can sometimes count, but policies vary from one institution to another)

These prerequisites should be completed by the end of your college career, but some institutions will give preference to applicants who complete them early. Students interested in pharmacy are strongly encouraged to enroll in CHEM 111 (Introductory College Chemistry I) and BIOL 101 (Foundations of Biology) during their first semester at Wooster. Frequent communication with your academic advisor, members of the Pre-Health Advising Committee, and Pre-Health Coordinator will be essential to make sure that you are on track with your courses.

 

GRADE POINT AVERAGE

Most Pharm.D. programs require at least a 3.0 grade point average in the sciences and/or overall. Pharmacy students entering NEOUCOP in 2007 had an average 3.35 overall GPA and 3.22 science GPA. However, it is important to investigate specific programs to get the most accurate and detailed information for your situation.

 

ENTRANCE EXAM

Applicants are required to take the PCAT (Pharmacy College Admission Test), typically near the end of their junior year. Most pharmacy colleges expect a composite score in the 50th percentile. Pharmacy students entering NEOUCOP in 2007 had an average composite PCAT score in the 68th percentile.

 

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

Students considering a career in pharmacy are often required to obtain volunteer or paid experience working with patients in a pharmacy or health-related setting.

   

ADMISSIONS PROCESS

 

All applicants must complete the universal PharmCAS application. As part of this application, you will need to ensure that your PCAT score is reported and also arrange for official transcripts to be sent from all institutions in which you earned college credit. The universal application is typically followed by a secondary application from each individual program to which you are applying.

You will also need to arrange for letters of recommendation (typically four) to be submitted to PharmCAS. Institutions do vary in their policy on whether a committee letter from the Pre-Health Advising Committee at Wooster counts as more than one author, so it is important for you to check with each program that you are applying to.

 

   

LINKS TO FURTHER INFORMATION

 

United States Department of Labor -- Occupational Outlook Handbook
www.bls.gov/oco/ocos079.htm

American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy
www.aacp.org

American Pharmacists Association
www.aphanet.org

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
www.ashp.org

National Community Pharmacists Association
www.ncpanet.org

American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
www.ascp.com

Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy
www.amcp.org

 

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